Sun: full sun, partial shade

Soil: tolerant of a variety of soil types, prefers rich, moist, slightly acidic

Growth rate: fast (2+ ft/yr)

Mature size: 5-12 ft. height, equal ft. spread

Landscape use: edible landscape, flowering, establish hedge/border, riparian restoration

Fruit: edible dark purple drupes (technically, they aren’t berries!) in August/September

Flower: small, star-shaped yellow-ish white flowers in clusters, May-July

Fall color: yellow/green (not super showy)

Seasonal interest: showy flowers, prolific berries, multi-stemmed forms can create a dense hedge

Sustaining wildlife: berries enjoyed by birds and mammals, deer appreciate twigs and leaves; nesting support for native bees

Planting notes: natural form is multi-stemmed, can be pruned to single-stemmed small tree; you can prune off 2-3 year old canes in the winter to encourage rapid, strong, fruiting regrowth in the spring